Hypertension is not a sentence. Medicine is constantly evolving, scientists are finding new ways to treat hypertension, which enable patients with high blood pressure to live a full life for a long time without serious consequences. Diagnosis plays an important role in the treatment of hypertension. There are several types of hypertension that require specific therapy. Treatment is prescribed by a doctor after a comprehensive examination. Do not leave high blood pressure unattended. Any signs of hypertension require medical attention.
Stages of hypertension
Hypertension develops in stages, so it is customary to distinguish three stages of the disease:
- stage 1 hypertension- the disease proceeds in a mild form, the pressure rises within 140/90-160/100 mm Hg. Art. The pressure rises for a short time and normalizes itself without taking antihypertensive drugs. At stage 1, the first symptoms may appear: headaches, ringing in the ears, sleep disturbances, deterioration in performance, dizziness, blood from the nose.
- 2 stage- a disease of moderate severity. The pressure rises to 160/100 - 180/110 mm. rt. Art. , remains elevated before taking an antihypertensive drug. Heart pain is added to the dizziness and migraine.
- 3 stage- a severe form of hypertension. The pressure rises above 180/110 mm. rt. Art. , remains consistently high even during sleep and rest. Against the background of high blood pressure, a hypertensive crisis develops.
Hypertension is a disease of big cities. The larger the city, the higher the likelihood of becoming a victim of hypertension. The fault is the high level of psycho-emotional stress.
Is it possible to get rid of hypertension and pressure surges?
Heart attacks and strokes are the cause of almost 70% of all deaths in the world. Seven out of ten people die due to blockage of the arteries of the heart or brain. In almost all cases, the reason for such a terrible end is the same - pressure surges due to hypertension.
It is possible and necessary to bring down the pressure, there is no other way. But this does not cure the disease itself, but only helps to fight the effect, and not the cause of the disease.
Symptoms - when to see a doctor
Hypertension is often asymptomatic, and a person becomes aware of the presence of the disease in the second or third stage, when it becomes more difficult to cure hypertension. It is necessary to carefully monitor any changes in the body so as not to miss the first messengers of hypertension:
- rapid overwork;
- memory impairment;
- severe pain in the head of a pulsating nature;
- head spinning;
- sleep disorders;
- black flies before the eyes;
- hyperemia;
- arrhythmia;
- heartache;
- trembling of the limbs;
- chills;
- hyperhidrosis.
These are all symptoms of high blood pressure. In this condition, medical intervention is required.
Reasons for the development of pathology
The main reason for the development of the disease, doctors call a genetic predisposition. Other causes of high blood pressure:
- frequent stress;
- excess weight;
- high cholesterol;
- excessive alcohol consumption;
- smoking;
- diseases of the nervous, endocrine system, hypothalamus;
- predominantly sedentary lifestyle;
- kidney disease;
- hypoxia;
- eating salty foods;
- period of menopause;
- exposure to loud noise.
Many causes of hypertension lie in an unhealthy lifestyle.
An integrated approach in the treatment of hypertension
To normalize blood pressure, doctors recommend adjusting your lifestyle. It is necessary to establish a regimen, give up bad habits, bring the body mass index into line with the norm. An important point will be dietary nutrition and the rejection of salt.
Work Schedule Recommendations:
- reduce workload;
- refuse night or additional shifts;
- allocate time during the working day for a little rest;
- establish a sleep and rest regimen;
- move more.
Comprehensive treatment of hypertension involves the appointment of antihypertensive drugs. Treatment with medicines is prescribed by the attending physician after examination and diagnosis. With hypertension, it is important to get rid of the root cause of the disease. Treatment of arterial hypertension is selected according to indications, age, concomitant diagnoses.
Clinical guidelines
Non-drug treatments for hypertension:
- weight loss;
- dietary nutrition with the exception of animal fats;
- reducing salt intake to 5 grams per day;
- refusal of smoked food, sausage, salted fish;
- inclusion in the diet of potassium and magnesium-containing foods: legumes, baked potatoes, dried fruits, rose hips, oatmeal, buckwheat, millet, nuts;
- reducing alcohol consumption to 30 grams in men and 15 grams in women, beer drinks and red wine should be completely excluded;
- to give up smoking;
- reduction of physical activity;
- reducing the impact of stressful situations;
- taking sedatives;
- complete sleep.
If non-drug therapy does not work, the doctor adds medication:
- angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors;
- diuretic drugs;
- beta-blockers;
- calcium channel blockers.
Means of treating hypertension are selected by the attending physician according to indications. If monotherapy does not work, the doctor will add an additional drug from a different pharmacological group. Complex treatment involves a combination of two or three antihypertensive drugs.
Effective antihypertensive pills
At a young age, blood pressure is quickly restored. But with age, it becomes more and more difficult to normalize blood pressure indicators. When taking a number of medications, addiction develops, a withdrawal syndrome occurs, which can lead to a hypertensive crisis. Patients with hypertension often have to take antihypertensive drugs for life.
Important Notes
The patient will have to treat hypertension for life. Antihypertensive drugs normalize blood pressure readings, but they must be continued to avoid a sharp jump in blood pressure again. A sharp increase in pressure is dangerous, it can cause irreversible changes in the body, including heart attack and stroke.
The treatment regimen for hypertension is prescribed by the attending physician after a comprehensive examination according to indications. It is important to follow all the prescriptions of a specialist, follow a diet for patients with hypertension, change your lifestyle. An integrated approach to the treatment of arterial hypertension brings good results.
Treatment regimens for hypertension often include several antihypertensive drugs. Combinatorial treatment brings faster and better results. Most often, doctors use a combination of two or three medicines from different pharmacological groups. When prescribing funds, the doctor checks drug interactions and compatibility. With combinatorial therapy, drugs are prescribed in minimal dosages.
Hypertension can be caused by various external and internal factors, so combination therapy from different pharmacological groups has a complex effect. For the most part, antihypertensive drugs are not addictive. They are prescribed for long-term use in order to normalize the patient's condition for a long time. Some drugs have to be taken for life.
Treatment of hypertension with drugs is prescribed by the attending physician after the examination. When taking medications, it is necessary to strictly follow the prescriptions of a specialist in order to obtain the necessary hypotensive effect without undesirable side reactions of the body.
You can not take drugs for hypertension only according to the instructions. Hypertension requires individual treatment. To do this, the doctor conducts a comprehensive examination, and then only selects a course of treatment for hypertension. When prescribing a drug, the doctor checks drug compatibility, contraindications and warns of possible adverse reactions. There is no need to be afraid of all the side effects indicated in the instructions. Most of the reactions appear in exceptional cases. Antihypertensive drugs are well accepted by patients.
With hypertension, you need to take the pills daily. The frequency of administration depends on the type of drug. Short-acting drugs quickly reduce pressure, but they last no more than 4 hours. You will need 4 to 6 tablets per day. Long-acting drugs help for a day, so it is enough to drink one tablet in the morning and forget about high blood pressure.
It is impossible to change the dosage or the prescribed course of therapy on your own. This can lead to complications or stroke.
Regular therapy is a prerequisite for normalizing blood pressure and reducing the risk of a hypertensive crisis. Alternative recipes for the treatment of hypertension are also suitable, but it is necessary to warn the doctor about any methods of treating hypertension. You can take herbal preparations or prepare infusions only after consulting a specialist.
Alternative methods for lowering blood pressure
For the treatment of hypertension, not only drug therapy is used, but also alternative methods. You can reduce pressure in hypertension with the help of herbal medicine, natural infusions and folk recipes for pressure, which are passed down from generation to generation.
Methods of treatment without drugs are based on the healing properties of different foods and plants:
- Honey. To lower blood pressure, prepare decoctions, mixtures, infusions of honey mixed with other herbs, berries, vegetables, fruits. Effective will be tinctures with honey from wild rose, mountain ash, viburnum, raisins, prunes, dried apricots, hawthorn.
- Kalina. To normalize the functioning of the cardiovascular system, viburnum berries are eaten raw along with the seeds. To lower blood pressure, you can make a hot drink from viburnum: berries with seeds are poured with boiling water, left in a thermos for several hours, and then drunk with sugar or honey.
- Black and red rowan. It will take 1 kg of berries and 700 g of sugar. Berries must be crushed and mixed with sugar. The sweet composition is taken twice a day, 100 grams. You can cook a healing syrup from mountain ash with sugar, which you need to drink three times a day, 1 tbsp. l.
Recipes for lowering blood pressure:
- Red beet juice with honey. Mix honey with beetroot juice in equal proportions. Drink the resulting tincture no more than five times a day, 2 tbsp. l.
- Cranberry juice with honey. Mix honey with cranberry juice in equal proportions. The resulting composition is taken three times a day for 1 tbsp. l. 20-30 minutes before meals.
- Decoction of viburnum with honey. Crush 100 grams of viburnum berries, add 100 grams of buckwheat honey, boil. Cool the broth, and then drink three times a day for 1 tbsp. l.
- Tincture of vegetables and honey. It will take 200 grams of carrot juice, beetroot, 100 grams of cranberry juice, 200 grams of honey and 100 ml of alcohol. Mix the ingredients, insist for three days and take 1 tbsp. l. three times a day.
- Mineral water drink with honey and lemon. Mix honey, mineral table water, lemon juice. The resulting drink must be consumed 1 glass per day. The duration of therapy is 7-10 days.
- Drink with hawthorn berries. 100 grams of hawthorn berries must be cleaned of seeds and pour 2 glasses of cold drinking water. Leave overnight. In the morning, boil the drink and strain. The duration of therapy is 1 month.
- A decoction of potatoes. Peel the potatoes, pour the husks with water and bring to a boil. Take 2 glasses per day.
With high blood pressure, doctors recommend giving up salty, spicy, smoked, fatty foods. Confectionery sweets should be replaced with dried fruits.
Measures to prevent hypertension
To maintain normal blood pressure, follow these simple guidelines:
- reduce the amount of salt consumed to 5 grams or completely abandon salty foods: salt retains fluid, which leads to vasoconstriction and an increase in blood pressure;
- reduce the consumption of animal fats, cholesterol products: the list of restrictions includes fatty meat, lard, caviar, eggs, mayonnaise products, rich products, margarine, butter, cream ice cream, confectionery sweets;
- refuse drinks containing caffeine: these are strong black tea, coffee, cola, Pepsi, energy drinks;
- increase the consumption of foods containing potassium and magnesium: minerals have a positive effect on the cardiovascular system, reduce vascular spasms; a lot of potassium in citrus fruits, potatoes, rye bread, legumes, dried fruits, radishes, white cabbage, bananas, black currants, garlic, asparagus, parsley, carrots, cucumbers; magnesium can be found in buckwheat, oatmeal, millet, chocolate, walnuts, beets;
- increase the consumption of ascorbic acid: vitamin C is found in fresh vegetables, fruits, berries, you need to eat foods raw; a lot of ascorbic acid is found in citrus fruits, black currants, wild rose, sea buckthorn.
At the initial stage, it is not difficult to cure hypertension. The main thing is to contact a specialist in time. Persistent hypertension is more difficult to treat; this requires complex therapy and regular pressure measurements. Therapy is prescribed exclusively by a doctor according to indications. Left untreated in the later stages, it can lead to cerebrovascular accident or a heart attack.